Developing Laras Degung Vocal Etudes as ICT-Based Learning Media for Sundanese Kawih

Abstract

Learning Sundanese kawih requires accurate pitch reproduction, yet beginners often have limited access to consistent laras degung pitch references for independent practice. Existing digital learning resources for Sundanese music remain limited, particularly those that provide structured, repeatable pitch practice. This study aimed to develop and initially validate an ICT-based laras degung vocal etude as a digital learning resource for Sundanese kawih practice. This study used a Research and Development approach based on the ADDIE model. The implementation involved 30 senior high school students who were beginners in Sundanese karawitan. Data were collected through interviews, observations, documentation, student-response questionnaires, and expert validation. Qualitative data from interviews and observations were analyzed descriptively, while expert and student questionnaire data were analyzed quantitatively using feasibility and response percentages. Expert validation indicated high feasibility, with an overall score of 89.4%, comprising tuning accuracy (93.8%), audio quality (86.1%), and pedagogical feasibility (87.5%). The student-response score was 88.7%, categorized as very positive. The developed medium demonstrated high feasibility and positive initial usability for laras degung pitch practice, but its learning effectiveness was not experimentally established. The resource offers an accessible digital complement to teacher-guided practice and supports the digital preservation of Sundanese musical heritage.