Implementing a Deep Learning Pedagogical Approach in Social Studies to Improve Elementary Students' Social Skills

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.58421/gehu.v5i3.1743

Authors

  • Dian Purnomo Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau
  • Rohani Rohani Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau
  • Yasnel Yasnel Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau
  • Fanny Suci Fadillah Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau
  • Dessy Syofiyanti Sekolah Tinggi Agama Islam Madinatun Najah Rengat

Keywords:

Deep learning, Social studies learning, Social skills, Elementary education, Madrasah ibtidaiyah

Abstract

Elementary education requires learning that develops both academic understanding and students' social competence. Social Studies learning in elementary and madrasah settings remains largely teacher-centered and has not optimally developed social skills. Empirical studies integrating Social Studies, Deep Learning pedagogy, and Dikdasmen Graduate Profile are still limited. This study examines the design and implementation of Deep Learning-based Social Studies learning to support students' social competence. A mixed methods exploratory sequential design involved one Grade V teacher and 24 students at MIN 1 Indragiri Hulu. Data were collected through observation, interviews, questionnaires, documentation, and social competence instruments. Quantitative analysis used descriptive statistics and the Wilcoxon test. Results show contextual, collaborative, reflective, and project-based learning with high social competence (M = 83.72). The Wilcoxon test indicated a significant difference from the criterion (p < 0.001) and a strong effect size (r = 0.71). Findings indicate students' scores exceeded the expected standard, suggesting strong outcomes rather than pre–post improvement. The study provides implications for strengthening assessment rubrics, reflective practices, and teacher facilitation in Social Studies.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Utami, R. W., Sari, E. A., & Insani, S. U., "Mengapa pendidikan karakter di SD/MI penting?," Journal of Elementary Education: Strategies, Innovations, Curriculum, and Assessment, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 16-24, 2024. doi: 10.61580/jeesica.v1i1.28

Aslamiah, A., Abbas, E. W., & Mutiani, M., "21st-century skills and social studies education," The Innovation of Social Studies Journal, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 82-92, 2021. doi: 10.20527/iis.v2i2.3066

Darling-Hammond, L., Flook, L., Cook-Harvey, C., Barron, B., & Osher, D., "Implications for educational practice of the science of learning and development," Applied Developmental Science, vol. 24, no. 2, pp. 97-140, 2020. doi: 10.1080/10888691.2018.1537791

Thornhill-Miller, B., Camarda, A., Mercier, M., Burkhardt, J. M., Morisseau, T., Bourgeois-Bougrine, S., Vinchon, F., El Hayek, S., Augereau-Landais, M., Mourey, F., Feybesse, C., Sundquist, D., & Lubart, T., "Creativity, critical thinking, communication, and collaboration: Assessment, certification, and promotion of 21st century skills," Journal of Intelligence, vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 54, 2023. doi: 10.3390/jintelligence11030054

World Bank & UNESCO Institute for Statistics, "Indonesia learning poverty brief," World Bank, 2024.

OECD, "PISA 2022 results (Volume I): The state of learning and equity in education," OECD Publishing, 2023. doi: 10.1787/53f23881-en

OECD, "Social and emotional skills for better lives: Findings from the OECD Survey on Social and Emotional Skills 2023," OECD Publishing, 2024. doi: 10.1787/35ca7b7c-en

UNESCO, "What you need to know about social and emotional learning," 2024. Available: https://www.unesco.org/en/articles/what-you-need-know-about-social-and-emotional-learning

Taylor, R. D., Oberle, E., Durlak, J. A., & Weissberg, R. P., "Promoting positive youth development through school-based social and emotional learning interventions: A meta-analysis of follow-up effects," Child Development, vol. 88, no. 4, pp. 1156-1171, 2017. doi: 10.1111/cdev.12864

Al-Jbouri, E., Andrews, N. C. Z., Peddigrew, E., Fortier, A., & Weaver, T., "Building elementary students' social and emotional skills: A randomized control trial to evaluate a teacher-led intervention," School Mental Health, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 138-150, 2023. doi: 10.1007/s12310-022-09538-x

Cipriano, C., Strambler, M. J., Naples, L. H., Ha, C., Kirk, M., Wood, M., Sehgal, K., Zieher, A., Eveleigh, A., McCarthy, M., Funaro, M., Ponnock, A., Chow, J. C., & Durlak, J. A., "The state of evidence for social and emotional learning: A contemporary meta-analysis of universal school-based SEL interventions," Child Development, vol. 94, no. 5, pp. 1181-1204, 2023. doi: 10.1111/cdev.13968

Hosokawa, R., Matsumoto, Y., Nishida, C., Funato, K., & Mitani, A., "Enhancing social-emotional skills in early childhood: Intervention study on the effectiveness of social and emotional learning," BMC Psychology, 12, Article 737, 2024. doi: 10.1186/s40359-024-02280-w

Salimi, M., & Fauziah, M., "Social skills in early childhood and primary schools: A systematic review," Jurnal Ilmiah Peuradeun, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 441-470, 2023. doi: 10.26811/peuradeun.v11i2.930

Kementerian Pendidikan Dasar dan Menengah, "Peraturan Menteri Pendidikan Dasar dan Menengah Republik Indonesia Nomor 10 Tahun 2025 tentang Standar Kompetensi Lulusan pada Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, Jenjang Pendidikan Dasar, dan Jenjang Pendidikan Menengah," 2025.

Fullan, M., Quinn, J., & McEachen, J., "Deep learning: Engage the world change the world," Corwin, 2018.

Ausubel, D. P., "Educational psychology: A cognitive view," Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1968.

Langer, E. J., "The construct of mindfulness," Journal of Social Issues, vol. 56, no. 1, pp. 1-9, 2000. doi: 10.1111/0022-4537.00148

Andayanie, L. M., Adhantoro, M. S., Purnomo, E., & Kurniaji, G. T., "Implementation of Deep Learning in education: Towards mindful, meaningful, and joyful learning experiences," Journal of Deep Learning, 2025. Available: https://journals2.ums.ac.id/jdl/article/view/11157

Dewi, A. R., Maily, M. E. W., Safitri, F. N. C., Zaitunnah, P. N., & Mala, Z. L., "Deep Learning dalam pembelajaran MI: Tinjauan literatur dalam meaningful learning, mindful learning dan joyful learning," Jurnal Kepemimpinan dan Pengurusan Sekolah, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 584-592, 2025. doi: 10.34125/jkps.v10i2.580

Feriyanto, F., & Anjariyah, D., "Deep Learning approach through meaningful, mindful, and joyful learning: A library research," Electronic Journal of Education, Social Economics and Technology, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 208-212, 2024. doi: 10.33122/ejeset.v5i2.321

Kamaruddin, & Saqjuddin, "Deep Learning as a transformative approach to social studies education," International Journal of Management and Education in Human Development, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 1478-1483, 2025.

Khasanah, U., Alanur, S. N., Trisnawati, S. N. I., Sulistyowati, R., Isma, A., Agustina, E., Dewantara, H., Fajariah, N., Azis, F., Fauziah, M., Tahir, M. I. T., Mamu, H. D., Mardin, H., Waldi, A., Syahfitri, D., Arafat, M. Y., Darodjat, Khaedir, M., Firdaus, R., ... Hamsar, I., "Deep learning," Penerbit Akademik, 2025.

Layali, R. F., Erviana, V. Y., & Hidayati, D., "Manajemen pembelajaran kolaboratif berbasis Deep Learning untuk membangun keterampilan sosial siswa," JMP-DMT, vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 533-543, 2025. doi: 10.30596/jmp-dmt.v6i4.26152

Luthfiyah, H., Nusantara, T., Faizah, S., Kusumaningrum, S. R., & Mardhatillah, "Implementation of Deep Learning in elementary school improving the effectiveness and quality of IPAS learning," ELSE (Elementary School Education Journal), vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 293-301, 2025.

Nafi'ah, S. A., & Faruq, D. J., "Deep Learning in Indonesian primary education: Concepts of mindful, meaningful, and joyful learning," Journal of Deep Learning, vol. 1, no. 1, 2025.

Prihantoro, P., Prayitno, H. J., Indri, I., & Kusumaningtyas, D. A., "Deep learning: Policies, concepts, and implementation in senior high schools in Indonesia," Journal of Deep Learning, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 11-24, 2025. doi: 10.23917/jdl.v1i1.10964

Rahmandani, F., Hamzah, M. R., Handayani, T., & Kurniawan, M. W., "Integrasi pembelajaran mendalam (deep learning) dalam mewujudkan pembelajaran yang bermutu dan bermakna bagi peserta didik," Jurnal Sosial Humaniora dan Pendidikan, vol. 4, pp. 769-781, 2025.

Anggito, A., "The effectiveness of digital comics based multicultural to improve social care character of elementary school students," The New Educational Review, vol. 72, pp. 122-132, 2023. doi: 10.15804/tner.2023.72.2.09

Aulia, L. R., & Pebriani, Y. N., "Mengembangkan keterampilan sosial dalam kehidupan melalui model pembelajaran IPS di sekolah dasar," Jurnal Penelitian dan Pendidikan IPS, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 66-74, 2023. doi: 10.21067/jppi.v17i1.6742

Dina, A. M., & Widiastuti, A., "The role of social studies education toward students' readiness in facing globalization: Social skills as moderating factor," Jurnal Pendidikan Progresif, vol. 14, no. 3, 2024. doi: 10.23960/jpp.v14.i3.2024136

Haniah, S. T., "Peran guru dalam mengembangkan keterampilan sosial siswa melalui pembelajaran IPS di sekolah dasar," Didaktik: Jurnal Ilmiah PGSD STKIP Subang, vol. 10, no. 04, pp. 448-453, 2024. doi: 10.36989/didaktik.v10i04.5541

Haryanti, Y. D., "The urgency of social studies learning through strengthening authentic assessment for teachers in elementary school," Pegem Journal of Education and Instruction, vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 140-148, 2023. doi: 10.47750/pegegog.13.04.17

Marhayani, D. A., "Pembentukan karakter melalui pembelajaran IPS," Edunomic Jurnal Pendidikan Ekonomi, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 67, 2018. doi: 10.33603/ejpe.v5i2.261

Pala, S. M., "Reflections of digital citizenship on social studies course: Teachers' perceptions," International Journal of Curriculum and Instructional Studies, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 297-324, 2023. doi: 10.31704/ijocis.2023.013

Pingge, H. D., "Improving social skills of elementary school students by using Umma Kalada's indigenous knowledge on social studies topics," Jurnal Ilmiah Sekolah Dasar, 2023. Available: https://ejournal.undiksha.ac.id/index.php/JISD/article/view/57019

Saidah, K., & Damariswara, R., "Problems of social studies learning at elementary education level: What are the recommended solutions?," Jurnal Pendidikan Dasar Nusantara, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 24-34, 2024. doi: 10.29407/jpdn.v10i1.22487

Sofyan, A., & Saputra, A., "The implementation of character education to improve social skills of elementary school students," Qalamuna: Jurnal Pendidikan, Sosial, dan Agama, vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 413-422, 2022. doi: 10.37680/qalamuna.v14i2.3226

Suhelayanti, Z., & Rahmawati, I., "Pembelajaran ilmu pengetahuan alam sosial (IPAS)," Yayasan Kita Menulis, 2023.

Zakira, N. S., "The role of social studies learning in forming responsible character for Muhammadiyah Primary School students 25," Journal of Elementary School Education, vol. 2, pp. 550-553, 2024.

Altaftazani, D. H., "Objective conditions of social studies learning in improving students' conflict resolution skills in elementary schools," KnE Social Sciences, vol. 10, no. 12, pp. 90-98, 2025. doi: 10.18502/kss.v10i12.18865

Bauml, M., ""Fitting it in": Elementary teachers talk about social studies instruction in public school classrooms," The Journal of Social Studies Research, vol. 47, no. 3-4, pp. 147-160, 2023. doi: 10.1177/23522798231206188

Fauzi, Z. A., "Improving social studies learning in elementary schools: Addressing challenges and promoting effective learning strategies," International Conference on Social Studies Education, 2024. Available: https://ppjips.ulm.ac.id/index.php/icsse/article/view/83

Rizky, A. N., Istiyati, S., & Kamsiyati, S., "Analisis keterampilan sosial peserta didik dalam pembelajaran IPS kelas V sekolah dasar," Didaktika Dwija Indria, vol. 10, no. 2, 2022. doi: 10.20961/ddi.v10i2.64456

Yulistiani, Y., "Analisis keterampilan sosial pada buku siswa IPS kelas 5 sekolah dasar," Janacitta: Journal of Primary and Children’s Education, 2021. Available: https://jurnal.unw.ac.id/index.php/janacitta/article/view/914

Caldarella, P., & Merrell, K. W., "Common dimensions of social skills of children and adolescents: A taxonomy of positive behaviors," School Psychology Review, vol. 26, no. 2, pp. 264-278, 1997. doi: 10.1080/02796015.1997.12085865

Gresham, F. M., & Elliott, S. N., "Social skills improvement system: Rating scales," Pearson Assessments, 2008. doi: 10.1037/t02650-000

Riggio, R. E., "Assessment of basic social skills," Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, vol. 51, no. 3, pp. 649-660, 1986. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.51.3.649

Smolkowski, K., Walker, H., Marquez, B., Kosty, D., Vincent, C., Black, B., Cil, G., & Strycker, L. A., "Evaluation of a social skills program for early elementary students: We have skills," Journal of Research on Educational Effectiveness, vol. 15, no. 4, pp. 717-747, 2022. doi: 10.1080/19345747.2022.2037798

Asdiana, A., & Batubara, H. H., "Analisis pengembangan dan penilaian sikap sosial siswa madrasah ibtidaiyah," Jurnal Basicedu, vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 6514-6523, 2022. doi: 10.31004/basicedu.v6i4.3291

Fauzi, I., Ahman, Yusuf, S., & Chano, J., "Social skills of elementary school students in Bandung-West Java," Jurnal Iqra': Kajian Ilmu Pendidikan, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 97-112, 2024.

Rizal, M. S., "The effectiveness of project-based learning in enhancing social competence among elementary school students," Journal of Integrated Elementary Education, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 269-285, 2025. Available: https://journal.walisongo.ac.id/index.php/jieed/article/view/28047

Setiawan, A., & Ismaniati, C., "The effectiveness of cooperative learning approach with student teams-achievement division and numbered head together to improve elementary school students' social skills," In Proceedings of the International Conference on Current Issues in Education. Atlantis Press, 2019. doi: 10.2991/iccie-18.2019.8

Brookhart, S. M., "How to give effective feedback to your students (2nd ed.)," ASCD, 2017. Available: https://www.ascd.org/books/how-to-give-effective-feedback-to-your-students-2nd-edition

Hattie, J., "Visible learning: The sequel: A synthesis of over 2,100 meta-analyses relating to achievement," Routledge, 2023. doi: 10.4324/9781003380542

Winstone, N. E., Nash, R. A., Parker, M., & Rowntree, J., "Supporting learners' agentic engagement with feedback: A systematic review and a taxonomy of recipience processes," Educational Psychologist, vol. 52, no. 1, pp. 17-37, 2017. doi: 10.1080/00461520.2016.1207538

Dewey, J., "Experience and education," Kappa Delta Pi, 1938.

Gillies, R. M., "Cooperative learning: Review of research and practice," Australian Journal of Teacher Education, vol. 41, no. 3, pp. 39-54, 2016. doi: 10.14221/ajte.2016v41n3.3

Hank, C., & Huber, C., "Do peers influence the development of individuals' social skills?," The potential of cooperative learning and social learning in elementary schools. International Journal of Applied Positive Psychology, vol. 9, pp. 747-773, 2024. doi: 10.1007/s41042-024-00151-8

Shah, R. K., "Effective social constructivist approach to learning for social studies classroom," Journal of Pedagogical Research, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 38-51, 2019. doi: 10.33902/jpr.2019254159

Vygotsky, L. S., "Mind in society: The development of higher psychological processes," Harvard University Press, 1978.

Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morrison, K., "Research methods in education (8th ed.)," Routledge, 2018. doi: 10.4324/9781315456539

Creswell, J. W., & Plano Clark, V. L., "Designing and conducting mixed methods research (3rd ed.)," Sage, 2018.

Fetters, M. D., & Molina-Azorin, J. F., "The Journal of Mixed Methods Research starts a new decade: The mixed methods research integration trilogy and its dimensions," Journal of Mixed Methods Research, vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 291-307, 2017. doi: 10.1177/1558689817714066

Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldaña, J., "Qualitative data analysis: A methods sourcebook (3rd ed.)," Sage, 2014.

Schoonenboom, J., & Johnson, R. B., "How to construct a mixed methods research design," KZfSS Kölner Zeitschrift für Soziologie und Sozialpsychologie, vol. 69, no. Suppl. 2, pp. 107-131, 2017. doi: 10.1007/s11577-017-0454-1

Sugiyono, "Metode penelitian kuantitatif, kualitatif, dan R&D," Alfabeta, 2015.

Helmiyanti, H., Zen, Z., & J, F. Y., "Pengembangan model pembelajaran IPS berbasis deep learning: Pendekatan holistik untuk integrasi teknologi dalam kelas," Jurnal Paradigma: Journal of Sociology Research and Education, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 1326-1345, 2025.

Hidayat, A. G., & Haryati, T., "Analisis efektivitas pembelajaran menggunakan pendekatan Deep Learning pada sekolah dasar," Kurikula: Jurnal Pendidikan, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 126-139, 2025.

Komariyah, S., "Deep Learning dalam upaya meningkatkan kompetensi sosial siswa melalui pembelajaran IPS," Jurnal Sosialita, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 43-50, 2025. doi: 10.31316/js.v20i1.7742

Asrial, "E-assessment: Character of students in elementary school," International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technol

Downloads

Additional Files

Published

2026-06-24

How to Cite

[1]
D. Purnomo, R. Rohani, Y. Yasnel, F. S. Fadillah, and D. Syofiyanti, “Implementing a Deep Learning Pedagogical Approach in Social Studies to Improve Elementary Students’ Social Skills”, J.Gen.Educ.Humanit., vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 3937–3954, Jun. 2026.

Issue

Vol. 5 No. 3 (2026): June

Section

Articles

License

Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of General Education and Humanities

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.